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BIAL Foundation
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DE:"Anticipatory responses"
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DocumentFurther Evidence of the Possibility of Exploiting Anticipatory Physiological Signals to Assist Implicit Intuition of Random Events2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-086
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2008
Title:
086 - How psychophysiological anticipatory information can be used to solve intuitive tasks with random events
Duration: 2009-01 - 2011-03
Researcher(s):
Patrizio Tressoldi, Stefano Massaccesi, Massimiliano Martinelli
Institution(s): Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Padova (Italy)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Written consent forms of participants
Language: eng
Author:
Tressoldi, P.
Secondary author(s):
Massaccesi, S., Martinelli, M.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Personality factors

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-086.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2008
Title:
Further Evidence of the Possibility of Exploiting Anticipatory Physiological Signals to Assist Implicit Intuition of Random Events
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.academia.edu/1419004/Further_evidence_of_the_possibility_of_exploiting_anticipatory_physiological_signals_to_assist_implicit_intuition_of_random_events
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
With this study, we aimed to replicate and extend the ?ndings ob-tained by Tressoldi, Martinelli, Zaccaria, and Massaccesi (2009) who showedthat in participants with high scores on the Tellegen Absorption Scale (score> 20), anticipatory heart rate responses in an implicit pre-alerting paradigmcould be used to improve their intuitive decisions on random events. In thisstudy, two pools of pleasant and alerting sounds were used to test the gener-ality of previous ?ndings. By using ?fty participants, it was also possible tostudy whether gender could be a further moderator of the observed effect.Results con? rm the ?ndings of Tressoldi, Martinelli, Zaccaria, and Massaccesi(2009), clarifying that the effect was present only in females. Females witha high level of absorption predict more hits than females with a low level.Further statistical analysis suggests that absorption acts as an implicit cogni-tive “?lter” only for pleasant sounds.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Tressoldi, P.
Secondary author(s):
Martinelli, M., Scartezzini, L., Massaccesi, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Tressoldi, P., Martinelli, M., Scartezzini, L., & Massaccesi, S. (2010). Further Evidence of the Possibility of Exploiting Anticipatory Physiological Signals to Assist Implicit Intuition of Random Events. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 24(3), 411-424.
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Anticipatory responses / Heart rate / Intuition / Random events / Absorption / Gender differences

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DocumentLet Your Eyes Predict: Prediction Accuracy of Pupillary Responses to Random Alerting and Neutral Sounds2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-086
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2008
Title:
086 - How psychophysiological anticipatory information can be used to solve intuitive tasks with random events
Duration: 2009-01 - 2011-03
Researcher(s):
Patrizio Tressoldi, Stefano Massaccesi, Massimiliano Martinelli
Institution(s): Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Padova (Italy)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Written consent forms of participants
Language: eng
Author:
Tressoldi, P.
Secondary author(s):
Massaccesi, S., Martinelli, M.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Personality factors

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-086.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2008
Title:
Let Your Eyes Predict: Prediction Accuracy of Pupillary Responses to Random Alerting and Neutral Sounds
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://sgo.sagepub.com/content/1/2/2158244011420451.full
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
This study investigates the prediction accuracy of anticipatory pupil dilation responses in humans prior to the random presentation of alerting or neutral sounds. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the autonomous nervous system may react prior to the presentation of random stimuli. A total of 80 participants, who were matched according to gender to take into account individual differences, were asked to listen to a random sequence of 10 neutral and 10 alerting sounds. Their pupil dilation was continuously recorded and the diameter of their pupils was used to predict the category of sound, alerting, or neutral. The pupil dilation of both males and females predicted alerting sounds approximately 10% more accurately than would be expected by chance, whereas neutral sounds were predicted at the chance level. This result was confirmed using a frequentist and a Bayesian statistical approach. Following the results of the study, practical and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Tressoldi, P.
Secondary author(s):
Martinelli, M., Semenzato, L., Cappato, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Tressoldi, P., Martinelli, M., Semenzato, L. & Cappato, S. (2011). Let Your Eyes Predict: Prediction Accuracy of Pupillary Responses to Random Alerting and Neutral Sounds. SAGE Open, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244011420451
Impact factor notes: Impact factor only available since 2018
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Anticipatory responses / Pupillary dilation / Anticipation / Random

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DocumentLearning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-073
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:
073 - Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks
Duration: 2009-01 - 2011-04
Researcher(s):
Julia Mossbridge
Institution(s): Visual Perception, Cognition, and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2010-141
Author: Mossbridge, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Cognitive processes / Learning

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-073.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:
Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bial%20Sonhos%20Miolo_Total%20Bolsas.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Objective: First we aimed determine whether conscious awareness of future events could be
trained. Next we used physiological markers to determine whether humans have subconscious
awareness of future events.
Methods: In the training experiment, participants were placed into 1 of 3 groups: trained on a
precognition task (N=3), trained on a biofeedback program (N=9), and no training (N=3). The two
training groups received fifteen 30-min training sessions over 2-3 months.
On each of 25 trials in the physiology experiments, participants were presented with 4 photos and
were asked to select a “target” image. The software then used a hardware random number
generator to randomly choose one of the four photos as the target image and a full-screen version
of this image was displayed. The dependent variables were the mean normalized heart rate and
skin conductance during the 10 seconds preceding the presentation of feedback.
Results: In the training experiments, measurable improvements in precognition were not found for
either of the training regimens we used.
For the physiology experiments, results were inconsistent. In a first (N=39) and second (N=15)
precognition experiment, skin conductance data revealed no effect, but mean heart rate
decreased significantly prior to correct (vs. incorrect) responses. However, a third (N=30) and
fourth (N=29) experiment did not reveal any significant results.
To address across-gender variability as well as potential influences from previous trials, in a posthoc
analysis we combined physiology data only from the first trials of each session in the four
experiments, separately for the two genders. There were no heart rate effects. Data from men
revealed a significant increase in skin conductance preceding correct vs. incorrect trials. Data from
women showed an opposing trend (sex x correctness interaction: p<0.007).
Conclusion and Discussion: Conscious awareness of future events is not learnable using the
training regimens used here. Subconscious awareness of future events in guessing tasks seems to
be a weak phenomenon that can be masked by both inter-individual and inter-trial variability.
Future work investigating the mechanisms of precognition should focus on subconscious
awareness, examine male and female performance separately (Radin and Lobach 2007), and
account for effects of previous trials.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Mossbridge, J.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Mossbridge, J. (2012). Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 9th Symposium of Fundação Bial (pp. 29-30/63). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Psychophysiology / Temporal processing / Prestimulus physiological measures / Anticipatory responses

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